Periwinkle: Features and Care

Periwinkle is a perennial plant characterized by its vibrant flowers and trailing stems. It is widely used as ground cover and is suitable for landscaping gardens and parks.

This article provides detailed information on periwinkle, including its basic features, cultural significance, historical background, and care tips.

Basic Information

• Scientific Name: Vinca major / Vinca minor
• Family: Apocynaceae
• Origin: Europe, North Africa, and West Asia
• Appearance:
  This plant has glossy, oval-shaped leaves and trailing stems that spread across the ground. The flowers bloom in shades of purplish-blue or white from spring to early summer.
• Blooming Season:
  Mainly from April to June, though in warmer regions, flowers may appear throughout the year.

Cultural Significance Around the World

Periwinkle has been cherished in many cultures, particularly in Europe, where it carries symbolic meanings. In France and Germany, its evergreen leaves represent “eternal life” and “enduring love,” making it a common choice for wedding decorations and anniversary celebrations.

In England, periwinkle was frequently planted in medieval monastery gardens, where monks valued its presence for its tranquil and peaceful ambiance. It also appears in old poems and folklore as a symbol of garden beauty.

In Eastern Europe, periwinkle is traditionally planted around homes as a symbol of prosperity and happiness for the household.

Historical Background

Periwinkle has a long history, dating back to ancient Rome, where it was used as an ornamental plant. Romans appreciated its resilience and beauty, planting it in city gardens and palace courtyards.

During the Middle Ages, periwinkle was commonly found in monastic and castle gardens. Monks regarded it as a “sacred herb” and used it to enhance the serene atmosphere of prayer gardens. It also served as a natural boundary plant, helping define garden spaces.

By the 19th century, periwinkle had become a popular choice for parks and gardens across Europe. In particular, it played an important role in English and French garden design, where its spreading growth habit made it an ideal ground cover.

Gardening Advice

Periwinkle is easy to grow and can thrive in various conditions. Below are some essential care tips:

Sunlight

Thrives in both full sun and partial shade, though brighter locations encourage more blooms.

Watering

Water when the soil surface dries out. While drought-resistant, prolonged dryness can damage the leaves.

Soil

Prefers well-draining soil with moderate moisture retention. Mixing compost or organic matter improves its growth.

Fertilizer

Apply a slow-release fertilizer once a month during the growing season to maintain vibrant leaves and abundant flowers.

Pruning

Trim trailing stems occasionally to control growth and encourage new shoots.

Cold Resistance

It is relatively cold-hardy, but in colder climates, winter frost may damage the leaves. Potted plants can be brought indoors during the winter.

Conclusion

Periwinkle is a trailing plant with glossy leaves and colorful flowers, widely used for ground cover in gardens and parks.

In Europe, it symbolizes eternal life and love and has been valued in monastery gardens for its calming presence. It has been cultivated since ancient Rome and gained popularity in 19th-century European parks.

When planting periwinkle, considering its sunlight and soil requirements will help maintain its beauty. It is an excellent addition to gardens, bringing year-round greenery and enhancing landscape designs.